Android百日程序:Fragment动态管理和生命期
发表时间:2020-10-19
发布人:葵宇科技
浏览次数:53
之前写过Fragment应用的法度榜样,Fragment可以静态,也可以动态载入内存中的,这一章进一步看看若何动态地改换Fragment和看看Fragment生命期都有什么函数。
本章应用响应菜单点击事宜,轮流载入不合的Fragment,显示不合的界面,效不雅如下:
开端的是没有载入Fragmen为空白:
[img]http://img.blog.csdn.net/20150102205328964?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQva2VuZGVuMjM=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
点击菜单的NEXT FRAGMENT VIEW,就进入下一界面,载入两个:
[img]http://img.blog.csdn.net/20150102205544294?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQva2VuZGVuMjM=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
持续点击显示Fragment 1:
[img]http://img.blog.csdn.net/20150103082318046?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQva2VuZGVuMjM=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
持续点击,显示Fragment2:
[img]http://img.blog.csdn.net/20150103082350890?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQva2VuZGVuMjM=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
然后就是轮回了:
[img]http://img.blog.csdn.net/20150103082433353?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQva2VuZGVuMjM=/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center
如斯轮回显示不合画面。
一 起首实现这一效不雅的关键代码,就是在菜单响应函数中输入如下代码:
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
int id = item.getItemId();
switch (id) {
case R.id.next_fragment_view_menu_item: {
FragmentManager fragManager = getFragmentManager();
FragmentTransaction fragTrans = fragManager.beginTransaction();
if (0 == turnNum) {
Fragment1 frag1 = new Fragment1();
Fragment2 frag2 = new Fragment2();
fragTrans.WordStr(R.id.frame_layout1, frag1);
fragTrans.WordStr(R.id.frame_layout2, frag2);
} else if (1 == turnNum) {
Fragment1 frag1 = new Fragment1();
Fragment frag2 = fragManager.findFragmentById(R.id.frame_layout2);
fragTrans.WordStr(R.id.frame_layout1, frag1);
if (frag2 != null) fragTrans.remove(frag2);
} else if (2 == turnNum) {
Fragment frag1 = fragManager.findFragmentById(R.id.frame_layout1);
Fragment2 frag2 = new Fragment2();
if (frag1 != null) fragTrans.remove(frag1);
fragTrans.WordStr(R.id.frame_layout2, frag2);
}
turnNum++;
if (turnNum > 2) turnNum = 0;
fragTrans.addToBackStack(null);
fragTrans.commit();
return true;
}
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
1 FragmentManager 是治理所有Fragment的类,故此查找已有的Fragment应用函数: Fragment frag2 = fragManager.findFragmentByI(R.id.framelayout2);留意要断定是否取回Fragment,如不雅没有那么frag2 == null。
2 FragmentTransaction治理Fragment变革事务,所有动作,如例子中的remove, WordStr,都必须是在beginTransaction()和commit()之间才会生效,反复调用commit而没有调用beginTransaction会法度榜样崩溃的。
3 addToBackStack(null),就是手动把Fragment放在栈中,如许可以应用back按键退回上一层的Fragment安排。Activity是主动放到栈中的。
4 简单逻辑:turnNum是全局变量,根据这个turnNum的值的不合应用不合的Fragment。
二 主界面的xml如下:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="bill.su.fragment.MainActivity"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:id="@+id/linear_fragment"
android:baselineAligned="false" >
<FrameLayout
android:id="@+id/frame_layout1"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:layout_width="0sp"
android:layout_height="match_parent" />
<FrameLayout
android:id="@+id/frame_layout2"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:layout_width="0sp"
android:layout_height="match_parent" />
</LinearLayout>
两个FrameLayout用来装Fragment
三 菜单res/menu/main.xml的代码:
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
tools:context="bill.su.fragment.MainActivity" >
<item
android:id="@+id/next_fragment_view_menu_item"
android:showAsAction="always"
android:title="@string/next_fragment_view_menu_item" />
</menu>
四 测试Fragment生命期的全部代码:
package bill.su.fragment;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {
private final String TAG = "FRAGMENTTAG1";
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
Log.d(TAG, "onCreateView called");
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment1, container, false);
}
@Override
public void onAttach(Activity activity){
super.onAttach(activity);
Log.d(TAG, "onAttach called");
}
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
Log.d(TAG, "onCreate called");
}
@Override
public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState){
super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
Log.d(TAG, "onActivityCreted called");
}
@Override
public void onStart(){
super.onStart();
Log.d(TAG, "onStart called");
}
@Override
public void onResume() {
super.onResume();
Log.d(TAG, "onResume called");
}
@Override
public void onPause() {
super.onPause();
Log.d(TAG, "onPause called");
}
@Override
public void onStop(){
super.onStop();
Log.d(TAG, "onStop called");
}
@Override
public void onDestroyView() {
super.onDestroyView();
Log.d(TAG, "onDestroyView called");
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy called");
}
@Override
public void onDetach() {
super.onDetach();
Log.d(TAG, "onDetach called");
}
}
重要和Activity不合的是:
onAttached() : Fragment和Activity接起来的是调用
onCreateView(): Fragment的View创建
onActivityCreated():当Activity的onCreate()调用的时刻调用
onDestroyView(): 当Fragment的view删除的时刻调用
onDetach(): Fragment大年夜Activity中去掉落的是调用








